Hopper-ore-car construction.



J. M. ROHLFING.

HOPPBR om: GAR COBISTRUG'PIQN.` APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, 1911.

1,097,945; Patented May 26, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

'.T. M. RUHLPING.

HOPPER ORB GAR CONSTRUCTION. (APPLI'UATION FILED 1111.11.14, 1911.

Patented May 26, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET z.

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HOPPER ORB CAR CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, 1911.

Patented May 26, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

llllldwmrr 5 wm. m NQ km wm. vw 4 x w We m 9 0. ma I wozu m J. M. ROHLFING.

HOPPER ORB GAR CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED 111111.14, 1911.

Patented May 26, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ownonoo vouw un VENTOR wnNEssEs ATTORNEY J. ROHLPING.

HOHER ORE OAR CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14, 1911.

Patented May 26, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

INVENTOR W'ITN ESSES ATTORNEY UNTTED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

Joni# in nonLFINo, or sT. Louis, nrssyounr, A ssroNon To AMERICAN An AND EeUNDaY COMPANY, 0E' sfr. Louis, MIssoUar, A conronATIoN or NEW JERSEY.

norrEa-on'E-CAB CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 26, 1914.

Application led Iarch 14, 1911. Serial No. 614,488.

b all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. RHIEING,

residing at St. Louis, Missouri, and being a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new anduseful -Iinprovements in the art to which'it appertains to make andl to use the same,'reference being had to the vaccompanying drawings, which illustrate the referred forni of the invention, though it 1s to be understood that the invention is not limited to. the exact details of construction shown and described, as it is obvious that various modifications thereof will occur to persons skilled in the art. v

In; said drawings'Figure 1 is a side elevatioiial view of a car embodying the teaturesof. my invention. Fig. 2 1s an enlarged end view thereof. Fig. 3. is.,a longitudinal sectional view ltaken on the plane of line -3-.1-3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view, similar to a. portionof Fig. 3, but the parts being seen onjan enlarged scale. Fig. 5 is a detail illustrating the relative -positions of the several plates, of which the opposite sides. of the car are composed. -Fig. (iis an edge view of the plates shown in Fig. 5,-looking at Fig. 5 from the rightfhand side thereof toward the lftfhand side. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary elevationaLview of aportion` of thescar structurer Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view ot the parts seen in Fig. 7,'tlie section being tekenen the pla-ne indicated by line 8.-8 of saidl ure.' Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional `View illustrating the connections between the end plates and the end frames of the carthe view .being taken approximately on thlaane indicated by line 9--9 of Fig. 1.

, object of this invention is to provide a. hopper bottom'car without the use of the customarylongitudinal center sillsY extending below the body ofthe car,` and thus to secure sufficient unobstructed 4space, at the bottom oi the l1 'per portion thereof,.for an unusually largegscharge door opening, and further'I to provide -1n1such car an all-metal construction which shall-1 possess sufficient longitudinalprigidity to withstandthe severe f buing and pulling stresses to which cars of this class are subjected inuse.v

A further object is to provide a car in which practically the entire weighty of the body portion and of'the lading carried thereby is j transmitted to .the side girders and from the opposite ends. of said side girders directly to the adjacent ends of the holsters, thence to the center bearings and trucks. Such a. disposal of the weights renders 1tpossible to employ an underframe structure comprising ,only a pair of end frames. These end frames, indicated generally: by the reference character l in the drawings', butdescribed and claimed in detail in a separate application, Serial Number 614,490, filed of even date herewith, are so arranged and the parts of tle car body adapted to engage them, areso esigned that 'the end frames may be entirely completed .before being connected to the finished car body. The connection `of the body portion of the end frames with the body portion of the car is not intended to act as a support for any portion of the weight of the car body except through the side girders'or sides of the car, but is designed simply as a means o-securing a rigid structure under all conditions, and further as a means of .maintaining the end frame against the natural ltendency to tilt upward at the forward end when being subjected to a slight collision. This tendency is due incidentally to the presence of a certain amount of elasticity in.

the metal of lche bolster, which elasticity" would permit a limited degree of bending in the bolster so that the rear end of the end frame, unless securely fastened to t-he adjacent inclined end plate of the car body, -would naturally be subjected to a slight downward movement along the inclined face of said plate. It will be seen from the above also thatethe rigid connection-,of the end frame with the car body, while itis not intended a`s a support for said car body, nevertheless serves to reinforce the bolster in absorbingthe shocks of impact.

Each of the end frames comprises a, body' portion 1,- inwhich there are provided draft sills 1A with -laterally extending arms or body holsters 3, disposed in the plane of said draft sills. The outer, or free, ends of each of the extensions 3 of one of the-end frames `1 are connected with the respective outer ends of the extensions 3 of the other end frames by the side plates, or'girders, 4 of the-car body. The draft sills,bolsters and side girders are rigidly connected so as to utilize the side girders in resisting boiling stresses.

For this purpose the side girders lap andv are rigidly secured to the outer ends ot' said b-olsters, the bo-lsters in turn being connected to the draft sills in any convenient manner to cause said elements to work together in resisting buiing stresses. The inner ends of the body portions of each of the end frames are beveled to correspond with the'angle of inclination of the adjacent end plato.l of the hopper to the under faces of which they are securely fastened, as best seen in Fig. 3 in dot-ted lines and in Fig. 9 in full lines.

Each of the side girders 4 of t-he car is composed of a. plurality of plates as 6, 7 and 8. (See Fig. These plates are arranged,4

and 'are rigidly secured together, by suitable stiffening and strengthening members as follows :-The plates 6 and 7 are identical in shape but are lplaced end to end in the struc'- ture, and the outer end of each is beveled to correspond to the angle of the inclination desired for the end sheets of the hopper.

-The plate 8 is arranged beneath the plates 6 and 7 and its length is only slightly less than the combined length of the plates 6 and 7 at their top edges. In the structure the plate 8 extends from extension 3 of one of the end frames to extension 3 of the other end frame and its upper edge laps and is fixed to the lower edges of the plates 6 and 7 by rivets as at-9. The lower edges of the plates 6 and 7 are inset so as to preserve a `smooth exterior. Y

Riveted to the lower edge of the plate`8, and extending throughout the full length thereof, is a stiffening angle 10. The anglev 10 is disposed with its vertical fiangeupstanding and lying flat against the outer face of the plate 8 and with its horizontal flange projecting outwardly from the extreme lower edge thereof. At each of its' ends the angle 10 is connected, by its horizontal flange, to an under-lapping lip 11 provided upon the ends of the respective eX- tensions 3 of the end frames. The vertical ange is fixed by rivets to the end walls of said extensions, said rivets passing through the lower edge of the adjacent portions of the plate 8.

Extending vertically downwardly from the alined upper edges of the plates 6 and 7 and arranged to cover the abutting edges of said plates, is a stiifening angle 12. The angle 12 extends downwardly beyond the lower edge of the plates 6 and 7, across the outer face of the plate 8, to a point slightly I formed integralwith, or fixed to, the upper above the top of the angle 1'0,where it is bent inwardly, through an inverted L-shaped slot 13 formed in said plate 8. The inwardly bent portion of this stiffening member ex tends downwardly, below the plane ofthe lower longitudinal stiff'ening angle 10, for a purpose presently to be set,4 fort Arranged parallel 'with the stiffening portions of the plate 8.

angle 12 and fixed to the outer facesof the plates 6,17 and 8, at, points spaced upon each side of said angle, are stiffening angles lll- 15. These last mentioned stitlening angles are ofequal length with the angle 12 Vand slots as 16-17, similar to the slot 13, are forme-d in the Iplate 8 for their passage through said plate 8 in a manner similarto that described for the angle 12.

A pair of oppositely disposed reinforcing angles as 17a is arranged at the point of each .of the slots 13, 16 and 17. These angles are each arranged with one of their flanges lying flat against the side of the car and with the with their upper ends fiat against the opposite sides of the outstanding ange of the adjacent vertical stiffeningvangle and be secured thereto by through rivets as at 17". The outstanding flanges of each pair are connected together, near their lower ends, beneath the bend in the said stiffners, by rivets as at 17C; A suitable washer or filler as 17 d is placed between the opposite faces of the outstanding anges of the angles 17a at the lower end so as to compensatel for the thickness of the interposed ange of the vertical stiiieners at the upper end. The anges of each of the angles 17a, which are arranged to lie at against the outer face of the adjacent portion of the plate 8 as stated, are securely riveted thereto and thel lower portion of each is offset soas to overlap and be riveted through the upwardly extending flange of t-he longitudinal angle '10 fixed to the bottom of the plate 8.

Stift'ening angles 18 and 19 are secured, each by one of its flanges to the outer faces of the plates 6 and 7 respectively, and to The remaining fiange outstands from I the face of said plates. These stii'eners extend from the top edge of the car, at a point yadjacent the upper end `oit' the vertical stiffeners 14 and 15, obliquely downward to the ends of the respective bolster extensions 3, where they are each bent to a perpendicular as at-18a an secured as follows :-The outstanding ange of the portion 18a lies flat against an outstanding vertical lip 20, formed integral with, or fixed to, the outer face of the end wall of the bolster extension 3, and is riveted thereto. Above the lip 2O lsaid out-- standing'*fiangey is further connected to the extension 3 lby rivets through a rib `21 face of the extension 3 and projecting outwardly beyond the outer face of the end wall thereof. The flange which lies Hat 'against the outer face of the plates is se` cured by rivets extendingthrough the plate 8 and through the end wall of the extension 3.

The upper corners of the opposite ends of iso jiu

the plate 8 are cut away to correspond with the angle of inclination of the still'eners 18--19. A relatively short reinforcinglangle 22 is secured to each of the stileners 18 and 19 at points extending from the upper face of the respectiveextensions-3 to the top of the plate 8, at which points said stileners 18and 19 engage the plates. Gand 7. The angles 22 are bent to conform to the shape of the lower ends of the stilfeners andare se-A stiil'ening member 23. This reinforcing member 1s composed of a series of angle sectionsas 23,.23", 23, and 23d,l each arranged with one of its flanges outstanding along its upper edge and with its other flange depending therefrom fand lying flat against .the outer faces of the plates, andcovering the juncture between Vsaid plates. The depending flange of each'section is. secured by rivets passed Itherethrough and through the llapping edges of the plates 6 8 and 7 8. The section 23u extends from the vertical stiffener 14 to the stifener 18 and has its outer end .offset Iso as to overlap, and be' riveted to, the flange of the stifl'ener 18. The

section 23b extendsv from thestiilener 14 to the stiifener 12 and has each of its ends olfset so as to overlap, and be riveted to,the

flanges of said stiffeners'. The section 23.

extends from the stifl'ener 12 to the stiffener 15 and has one of its ends offset to overlap, and be riveted to, the 'flange of the still'- ener 15.' The section 23, extends from the stitfener 15 to the stiffener 19 and has its outer end oifset to overlap, and beriveted to, the flange of the stillener 19.

An inclinedhopper plate as 24 is fixed, by rivets as at 25, to the inner face of the plate 8 upon each side of the car, andrests with its under or outer face lying flat upon, and riveted to, the upper face of the inwardly and4 downwardly inclined portions of the vertical plate girder stitfeners12, 14 and 15. (See Fig. 8.) Each of the plates 24'is formed of two sections, one upon each side of the central stiftener 12 to which they are' connected .v similarly as are the plates 6 and 7 above. j

A horizontally disposed stiffening angle as 26 is fixed', by one of its flanges, to theouterv or under face of the lower jedge of the plate 24. The other flange of said angleprojects outwardly and downwardly from correspond to the upper edge of said first mentioned llange and the lower endof the stilleners 12, 14 and, 15 are made to project downwardly into contact-with the top surface thereof. The opposite ends of the plate 24 are beveled to correspond with the angle of inclinationvof the end sheets ofthe hopper and saidsbeveled portions are arranged'as a continuation of zhe adjacent beveled ends 'of the plates 6 an 7.

Each of theinclined end hopper plates* 5v extends from the vhorizontal plane of the ,upper edge of the plates 6 and. 7 downwardly to the horizontal plane of the lower edge of theside hopper plates 24. Their opposite sides are .turned inwardly as at 27 and lap and lie dat against the adjacent in clined edges'of the side plates of the cars V`to which they are securely riveted. The lower end'of each of the end plates 5 is narrowed and the lower portions of the in-turned side .flanges 27 thereof are' caused to standat an incline, corresponding with the angle f inclination of the `adjacentside hopper plate 24. The lapping edges vof the pl=.!t6S 24 with the flanges 27 are securely riveted together. l

Fixed, by' one of-its flanges, to the under face of each of the end Vplates 5 is a stiening I-section 28. These I-sections Vextend vertically from top to bottomkof said sheets,

and spacedupon both sides thereof. in planesY parallel therewith, are stiiening channel A sections 29. The stifeners 29 are substantially of the same lengthl as the` stilfeners 2S and each has its flanges facing away from the respective I-sections and'is'lixed, .by one of its flanges, tothe adjacent end plate 5.

Supporting channels as 30 and 31 areal'-A ranged oneat each end .of the car, disposed transversely thereof with their 'opposite ends resting upon.. the upper outstandi? flanges of the inclined portions' o'fithe `'sti eners 18 and 19 and are connected to said' flanges by rivetsextending through the webs of the channels. v The flanges of the channels 30 and 31 project upwardly and the webs of the channels are in direct Vcontact with the flanges of the stifeners 18 and 19, one of the flanges of each 'of the supporting channels 30 and 31 is disposed so' as'to engage the outer 'flanges of the vertical stili# eners 28 and 29, attached to the respective end sheets, to aid in rigidlysupportng saidk end plate and stilfeners against sagglng under load and to effectively transport allA weight to the side girders.

A1 reinforcing supporting angle as 321s arranged parallel With, and above, each of the channels 30 and 31 and said angle 32 is xed by rvets,-thr`ough its vertical ange,

to the outer flanges ofthe stiffeners'28 and 29. The opposite ends of each oft-he supports 32 beyond the stiffeners' 29 are bent to the shape of theend of the hopper and are extended and lapped over thel side plates thereof', as at 33, in an inclined plane parallel to the respective stillening angles 18 and 19 and are extended to the upper edge of said side plates. The portions of the angles 32 which overlap the side plates of the car are securely riveted to said side plates.

A reinforcing angle 34 is fixed to the top edges of the hopper side and end plates. The angle 34 extends entirely around the car and is made up of two side and two end portions. around the opposite corners and are connected to the adjacent ends of the side sectionsI by suitable splice plates as at 35. Each section of the member 34 is arranged with one of its flanges outstanding and overlapping the upper edge of the adjacent hopper plate and With its other flange depending, and being riveted'to the inner face of theupper edge of saidy plates. p e

A gussetplate as 36 is positionedfin the angle formed by each of the bolster exten-v sions 3 and the adjacent portionofthe side girder plates 8. Each of. thesegu'ssets is fixed to the upper surface of thewfextlension 3 by suitable rivets and kto"'.tl'1 e"plates 8 by rivets passed through depending flanges formed upon said gusset. L

The upper end of each of" the end frames l, where it engages the plat-e 5 of the hopper, is of a Width suflicient to` extend, transversely of the car, from onev of the end plate stifl'eners 29 to the other, and the opposite sidewalls thereof as 3a are securely riveted, as at 37. to the inner faces of the Webs of said stiifeners. (See Figs. 3 and 9). The 'end wall as 3b ofI each of the end frames is riveted direct-ly to the end plate. A depression 38 is formed in said `end wall 3b to re-- ceive the central end plate stiffener 28- and the bottom wall as 3c of said depression'is riveted, as at- 39, to the outer flange of said stiilener. l Y

The construction of the side girders as de scribed andthe nature of their connectionwith the end frames, is of sutlicient strength to transmit all-bufiing and pulling stresses from one end of the car to t-he other, Without the necessity for the customary longitudinal center sills. From the construction described it will be apparent that the dis-l The end sections are extendedI obliquely parallel therewith,

of the doors, Nos. 40, 41, 42 and 43. The specicform of these doors and the various details of their construction and ofthe mechanism for operating them are fully disclosed in a. separate application, and said doors are illustrated,i nA the present application, only s'uliciently to define their general location and arrangement.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1 l. A car construction comprising in coinbination, bolsters, inclined end walls, side plate girders 'forming the only side sills of said .carl and having projecting portions lapping and'rigidly. secured to the ends of said holsters, vand flanged members resting on said projecting portions extending across said end walls and serving as connectors for 1said girders and supports for said end Wal 2.' A carconstruction comprising in com- .bination, holsters, end Walls, side plate girder's'.formingl the only side sills of the car between said holsters and having integral .portions extending inv part beyond lsaid end walls, andsupporti'ng means for said end walls resting onrsaid extending portions and serving as means for connecting saidl side girders relatively above said bolsters. f

3. A car construction comprising in combination, holsters,v obliquely extending end walls, a stilfening member for said end walls extending obliquely parallel therewith, side plate girders lapping and rigidly secured to the end portions of said holsters and forming the side sills of the car, said holsters extending in part beyond said end Walls, and means resting on the extendin parts of said girders connected with sai' girders and said stiening member and serving as supports for saidend walls.

4. A car construction comprising in combination, bolsters, oblique end walls, a stiffening member for said end walls extending side plate girders lapping and rigidly secured to the end portions of said holsters and forming the side wallsof the car, said girders extendingin part beyond said end walls, and a transversely extending cha'r'niel resting. on the extending parts of said girders, uniting said gi-rders above and independentof said holsters and assisting to support said end walls.

5. In a car construction, side plate grders comprising a plurality of plates which are of unequal length longitudinally of the car, draft sills, bolsters rigidly connected to and between the lower ends of said 'rders in the plane of said draft sills, sloping end sheets, stii'tening members extending obliquely upwardly beyond said holsters, and a plurality of supports for said end sheets :,oovgmis plates fixed to the lower plate portions, and` members uniting and penetrat-v reinforcing ing the girders and fixed to said hopper plates.

8. In a car construction, a plate girder comprising a .pair of vertically divided plates, asingle plate lappingthe first mentioned plates, a hopper plate connected above the bottom of the -single plate, and a pair of reinforcing members lapping and projected through said single plate and connected with said vhopper plate.

` 9.' In a car construction, a plate girder comprising a pair of vertically divided plates, a single plate la ping the first men.

tioned plate, a hopper p ate connected above the bottom of the singlev plate, and a plurality of reinforce members lying in direct .contact with the face of the pair ofplates and the hopper plate.- 3

10. In a car construction, the combination of holsters, inclined end walls, and side walls inthe form of compound girders divided vertically and horizontally, the lower girder portion forming a continuous tension memberlfor the compound girder, said compound girders ,lapping and being rigidly y of holsters, inclined end walls, and sidesecured to said holsters: v v

v11. In a car construction, `the comLgna-tion walls in the form of compound girders divided'vertically and horizontally, the lower portions'of the girders forming continuousv tension members for the compound girders, said compoundI girdersla ping and 'being rigidly secured to said bo sters.

12. In a car construction, the combination of holsters, inclined end walls, and side walls in the form of compound girders comprising single lower plates and aplurality of upper plates lapping sal'd lower plates, tension members for the compound girders, and means restingon said lower plates for reinforcing the end` wall Isaid compound girders lapping and being rigidly secured to said holsters.

13. In a car construction, the combination of holsters, inclined end walls, and side walls in the form of compound girders hav-- ing end extensions, with end wall supports carried by saidfend extensions. l

14. In awr-construction, the combination of holsters, end walls, and a side wall in the form of a compound plate girder, the lower portion of said plate girder-being continuous and projecting beyond the end wall and actingas a tension member for the compoun girder, and an end wall supporting member carried by the projection of the lower girder portion, said compound girders lapping and being rigidly secured-to said holsters.

15. In a car' body, parallel side platel .girders each formed of three separate plates lapping and connected along horizontal and vertical lines, side hopperl plates connected to the inner faces ofsaid plate girders and continuous end plates extending below th-e side girders and connected directly thereto and to said side hopper plates.

16. In a car body, parallel side plate girders each formed of three separate plates lapping and connected along horizontal and Vertical lines, sidehopper plates connected to the inner faces of said plate girders, and continuous endl platesformed with curviform end portions, said end plates extending below the side girders and connected directly thereto.

1.7. vIn a. car body, plate garder' Side wang,

.a continuous end wall with curviform end portions lapping and connected directly to vsaid sidewalls, side hopper-.plates connected to an intermediate portion of the plate girder sides and reinforce members pro- Ajected through. the side girders and connected directly with the side girders and said side hopper-plates'.

. 18. A car structure comprising a body portion formed with side walls and an end wall, -a plurality of inclined reinforcing members fixed to said end wall extending from top to bottom thereof, and a transverse reinforcing member connecting said inclined members andV having its opposite end portions bent so as to overlap said side walls, said overlapping portions being inclined upwardly and terminating adjacent the upper edges of said side walls.

19. A car structure comprising a body portion formed with side walls and inclined end walls, a plurality of 'reinforcing members fixed to said end walls extending from 'top to bottom thereof, and transverse reinforcing members connecting said end wall reinforcing members and having their opposite end portions bentso as to overlap said side walls, said overlapping portions being inclined upwardly and terminating adjacent the upper edges of said'side walls.

20. A car structure comprising a bcdv portion formed with side walls and an end wall, a pair of inclined reinforcing channel 'members fixed by one of their flanges to said end Vvwall, extending in parallel relation fiom top to bottom and spaced from oppo- A, site edges of said end wall, and a transverse bent toward said end Wall to conform to the end of the hopper and opposite end portions `lapping and fixed to said side Walls. 21. A car structure comprising a body j portion formed with side walls and an end of wall, a pair of inclined reinforcing channel members fixed by one of their flanges to i `said, end wall, extending from Stop to bottom an in parallel relation spaced from-oppo- ,site edges of said end wall, the OPPOSite 1,5

edge portions of said end wall being bent so as to lapv parts of said side walls, and a transverse reinforcin member `connecting the outer flanges o v said channels, said transverse members having intermediate portions bent toward said end walls to conform to the end of Athe hopper and opposite end portions lapping the bent portions of said end wall and being fixed to said ,side -walls. A

22.' A car structure comprising a body` portion formed with side Walls and inclined end walls,l the vopposite edge portions of said end walls being bent so as to lap parts of said side walls and forma rounded corner, reinforcing members fixed to the upper edges of said end walls, having their end portions bent so as to lap portions of the opposite side walls and being fixed throughout their length to said end walls and side walls, reinforcing members fixed to the upper edges of said side walls between .the ends of' said first mentioned reinforcing members and splice .parts connecting the abutting ends of all of.. said reinforcing members.

23. In a car. structure, a bodyportion comprising inclined'end walls, vertical side walls and inclined side hopper plates, vertical stfi'eners fixed to said side walls and extended through said side walls and being fixed to said side hopper plates.

24. In a car structure, a pair of end 'f1-ames, a earbody'comprising inclined end lcon'iprising girders adapted to support the car body upon the end frames and being formed with a top chord and a bottom chord, inclined side hopper plates fixed to said side walls above said bottom chord, and vertical stiffeners fixed to'said side wallsI and extended through said' side walls and being fixed to said slde hopper plates.

26. In a car structure, a pair of end frames, a car body 'comprising inclined end walls, vertical side walls, said side walls compris ing'girders adapted to support the car body upon the end frames and being formed VVwith a top chord and a bottom chord, inclined side hopper plates fixed'to the inner side of said side Walls above said bottom chord and vertical stiffeners fixed to the outer side of said side wall, and being fixed to said side hopper plates.

27. In a car construction, the combination of bolsters, end Walls, and side walls in form of compound trusses, means uniting the end walls and the upper portions of the trussesd and means uniting the end walls and the lower portions of the trusses, the upper of said means being in tension and the lower of said means in compression.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set m'y hand in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN M. ROHLFING.

Witnesses:

J. H. BRUEGGERMAN, CHARLo'rrE E. Mrrzn. 

